Tone inventory
| Numerical notation | IPA notation | Ortho | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short | Low | 1 | ˩ | a |
| High | 4 | ˦ | á | |
| Long | Low | 11 | ˩ | aa |
| High | 44 | ˦ | áa | |
| Light rising | 23 | ˨˧ | aá | |
| Light falling | 31 | ˧˩ | àa | |
| Heavy rising | 35 | ˧˥ | áá | |
| Heavy falling | 52 | ˥˨ | àà | |
| Glottalised rising | 35ˀ | ˧˥ˀ | aʼá | |
| Glottalised falling | 52ˀ | ˥˨ˀ | àʼa | |
| Convex | 253 | ˨˥˧ | áà | |
| Concave | 314 | ˧˩˦ | àá | |
RDP Tone Sandhi
Connecting rule (atonal vowels)
The connecting rule governs how atonal vowels behave.
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If an atonal vowel is in the first syllable of a word, it may be realised as low. This may also be the case if the word is monosyllabic.
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If an atonal vowel is not in the first syllable of a word, it may take on different forms depending on the preceding syllable's tone.
2a. If an atonal vowel is preceded by a high, concave or any rising tone, it may be realised as high.
2b. If an atonal vowel is preceded by a low, convex or any falling tone, it may be realised as low.
Clamping rule (contour tones)
The clamping rule governs how contours behave when surrounded by other contours. If a word contains two rising or falling tones of the same type in a row, the second tone becomes simple.